50 MCQs on Natural Vegetation & Wildlife of India with Answers
50 MCQs on Natural Vegetation & Wildlife of India with Answers
By Rajesh Jaipal | Published on May 22, 2025
Introduction to Natural Vegetation and Wildlife MCQs
India’s natural vegetation and wildlife are a testament to its rich biodiversity, with 47,000 plant species and 90,000 animal species. This comprehensive quiz of 50 MCQs on natural vegetation and wildlife of India tests your knowledge on types of vegetation, key species, ecological roles, and conservation efforts. Perfect for students, educators, and nature enthusiasts, each question includes the correct answer in dark green and a detailed explanation to deepen your understanding. Let’s dive into India’s ecological wonders!
50 MCQs on Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
1. What is natural vegetation?
A) Plants grown in gardens
B) Plants that grow naturally without human interference
C) Plants imported from other countries
D) Plants used for decoration
Correct Answer: B) Plants that grow naturally without human interference
Explanation: Natural vegetation, also called virgin vegetation, grows without human intervention and remains undisturbed, shaped by climate and geography.
2. Which type of forest is found in heavy rainfall areas?
A) Tropical Deciduous Forests
B) Tropical Evergreen Forests
C) Montane Forests
D) Thorn Forests
Correct Answer: B) Tropical Evergreen Forests
Explanation: These forests thrive in areas with over 200 cm of rainfall, like the Western Ghats and Andaman Islands, with dense, multilayered vegetation.
3. Which tree is NOT found in Tropical Evergreen Forests?
A) Ebony
B) Mahogany
C) Teak
D) Rosewood
Correct Answer: C) Teak
Explanation: Teak is characteristic of Tropical Deciduous Forests, while ebony, mahogany, and rosewood are typical of evergreen forests.
4. Where are Tropical Deciduous Forests primarily located?
A) Western Ghats
B) Himalayas
C) Eastern India, Jharkhand, Odisha
D) Rajasthan
Correct Answer: C) Eastern India, Jharkhand, Odisha
Explanation: These monsoon forests are found in regions with 70–200 cm rainfall, like Eastern India and the Himalayan foothills.
5. What is a characteristic of Tropical Thorn Forests?
A) Tall trees
B) Deep roots and small leaves
C) Submerged roots
D) No leaf shedding
Correct Answer: B) Deep roots and small leaves
Explanation: Thorn forests in arid regions like Rajasthan have deep roots and small leaves to conserve water.
6. Which vegetation type is found in the Himalayas?
A) Mangrove Forests
B) Montane Forests
C) Tropical Evergreen Forests
D) Thorn Forests
Correct Answer: B) Montane Forests
Explanation: Montane forests vary with altitude in the Himalayas, featuring coniferous and alpine vegetation.
7. Where are Mangrove Forests primarily found?
A) Himalayan foothills
B) Ganga-Brahmaputra delta
C) Rajasthan
D) Western Ghats
Correct Answer: B) Ganga-Brahmaputra delta
Explanation: Mangroves thrive in tidal deltas like the Sundarbans, with roots adapted to saline conditions.
8. Which plant is used to treat high blood pressure?
A) Tulsi
B) Sarpagandha
C) Neem
D) Jamun
Correct Answer: B) Sarpagandha
Explanation: Sarpagandha, unique to India, is widely used in Ayurveda for treating hypertension.
9. Which plant is known for its antibacterial properties?
A) Jamun
B) Arjun
C) Neem
D) Kachnar
Correct Answer: C) Neem
Explanation: Neem’s leaves and oil have antibiotic and antibacterial properties, used in skincare and oral health.
10. How many plant species are found in India?
A) 10,000
B) 47,000
C) 25,000
D) 80,000
Correct Answer: B) 47,000
Explanation: India hosts around 47,000 plant species, including 15,000 flowering plants, ranking it among global biodiversity hotspots.
11. What is flora?
A) Animal species
B) Plant species
C) Soil types
D) Water bodies
Correct Answer: B) Plant species
Explanation: Flora refers to the plant life of a region, while fauna refers to its animal life.
12. Which animal is found in the Gir Forest?
A) Royal Bengal Tiger
B) Asiatic Lion
C) Snow Leopard
D) One-horned Rhinoceros
Correct Answer: B) Asiatic Lion
Explanation: The Gir Forest in Gujarat is the only habitat of the endangered Asiatic lion.
13. Where is the Royal Bengal Tiger primarily found?
A) Himalayas
B) Sundarbans
C) Rajasthan
D) Western Ghats
Correct Answer: B) Sundarbans
Explanation: The Sundarbans’ mangrove forests are a key habitat for the Royal Bengal Tiger.
14. Which animal is associated with swampy lands in Assam?
A) Snow Leopard
B) One-horned Rhinoceros
C) Flamingo
D) Red Panda
Correct Answer: B) One-horned Rhinoceros
Explanation: The one-horned rhinoceros thrives in the swampy, marshy lands of Assam, particularly in Kaziranga.
15. Which bird migrates to the Rann of Kachchh?
A) Peacock
B) Flamingo
C) Parrot
D) Sparrow
Correct Answer: B) Flamingo
Explanation: Flamingos migrate to the Rann of Kachchh’s wetlands during winter, creating a spectacular sight.
16. How many animal species are found in India?
A) 50,000
B) 90,000
C) 20,000
D) 120,000
Correct Answer: B) 90,000
Explanation: India hosts around 90,000 animal species, including 2,000 bird species and 2,546 fish species.
17. What is fauna?
A) Plant species
B) Animal species
C) Soil types
D) Climate zones
Correct Answer: B) Animal species
Explanation: Fauna refers to the animal life of a region, complementing flora, which denotes plant life.
18. Which conservation project protects the Royal Bengal Tiger?
A) Project Rhino
B) Project Tiger
C) Project Elephant
D) Project Bustard
Correct Answer: B) Project Tiger
Explanation: Launched in 1973, Project Tiger aims to protect tigers and their habitats, increasing their population significantly.
19. How many biosphere reserves are in India?
A) 10
B) 18
C) 25
D) 30
Correct Answer: B) 18
Explanation: India has 18 biosphere reserves, with 12 in the UNESCO World Network, protecting diverse ecosystems.
20. Which legislation protects India’s flora and fauna?
A) Forest Act
B) Wildlife Protection Act
C) Environmental Act
D) Biodiversity Act
Correct Answer: B) Wildlife Protection Act
Explanation: The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 safeguards both flora and fauna, establishing protected areas.
21. Which plant is sacred in Indian culture?
A) Neem
B) Tulsi
C) Jamun
D) Babool
Correct Answer: B) Tulsi
Explanation: Tulsi is considered sacred, often grown in households and used in rituals for its spiritual and medicinal value.
22. Which forest type prevents desertification?
A) Evergreen Forests
B) Thorn Forests
C) Mangrove Forests
D) Montane Forests
Correct Answer: B) Thorn Forests
Explanation: Thorn forests in arid regions like Rajasthan stabilize soil and prevent desert expansion.
23. Which tree is used for boat-building in mangroves?
A) Sundari
B) Teak
C) Sal
D) Pine
Correct Answer: A) Sundari
Explanation: Sundari trees in the Sundarbans provide durable timber for boat construction.
24. How many bird species are in India?
A) 500
B) 1,000
C) 2,000
D) 3,000
Correct Answer: C) 2,000
Explanation: India hosts around 2,000 bird species, making up 13% of the world’s total.
25. Which animal is found in Ladakh’s high altitudes?
A) Flamingo
B) Snow Leopard
C) Asiatic Lion
D) Red Panda
Correct Answer: B) Snow Leopard
Explanation: Snow leopards inhabit the high-altitude Himalayas, including Ladakh, adapted to cold environments.
26. What is the ecological role of mangroves?
A) Desert prevention
B) Coastal protection
C) Timber production
D) Grazing support
Correct Answer: B) Coastal protection
Explanation: Mangroves protect coastlines from erosion and storms and support fish breeding.
27. Which plant treats respiratory issues?
A) Jamun
B) Tulsi
C) Arjun
D) Babool
Correct Answer: B) Tulsi
Explanation: Tulsi is used in Ayurveda to treat coughs, colds, and respiratory problems.
28. How many national parks are in India?
A) 50
B) 106
C) 150
D) 200
Correct Answer: B) 106
Explanation: India has 106 national parks, protecting critical wildlife habitats.
29. Which forest type sheds leaves in dry summer?
A) Evergreen Forests
B) Deciduous Forests
C) Montane Forests
D) Mangrove Forests
Correct Answer: B) Deciduous Forests
Explanation: Deciduous forests shed leaves for 6–8 weeks in dry summer to conserve water.
30. Which animal is endangered due to poaching?
A) Flamingo
B) Royal Bengal Tiger
C) Peacock
D) Sparrow
Correct Answer: B) Royal Bengal Tiger
Explanation: Poaching, habitat loss, and human-wildlife conflict threaten the Royal Bengal Tiger.
31. Which plant is a diuretic?
A) Neem
B) Jamun
C) Tulsi
D) Kachnar
Correct Answer: B) Jamun
Explanation: Jamun juice acts as a diuretic and aids digestion in traditional medicine.
32. Which forest type is found above 3600m in the Himalayas?
A) Coniferous Forests
B) Alpine Vegetation
C) Broad-leaf Forests
D) Mangroves
Correct Answer: B) Alpine Vegetation
Explanation: Above 3600m, montane forests transition to alpine vegetation with low shrubs and grasses.
33. Which animal is protected by Project Rhino?
A) Asiatic Lion
B) One-horned Rhinoceros
C) Snow Leopard
D) Red Panda
Correct Answer: B) One-horned Rhinoceros
Explanation: Project Rhino focuses on conserving the one-horned rhinoceros in Assam and West Bengal.
34. How many wildlife sanctuaries are in India?
A) 200
B) 573
C) 300
D) 700
Correct Answer: B) 573
Explanation: India has 573 wildlife sanctuaries, complementing its national parks for biodiversity protection.
35. Which plant is used for eye sores?
A) Babool
B) Arjun
C) Neem
D) Tulsi
Correct Answer: A) Babool
Explanation: Babool is used in traditional medicine for treating eye sores and as a tonic.
36. Which forest type supports fish breeding?
A) Thorn Forests
B) Mangrove Forests
C) Deciduous Forests
D) Montane Forests
Correct Answer: B) Mangrove Forests
Explanation: Mangroves provide breeding grounds for fish, supporting coastal ecosystems.
37. Which animal is found in Sikkim’s temperate forests?
A) Flamingo
B) Red Panda
C) Asiatic Lion
D) One-horned Rhinoceros
Correct Answer: B) Red Panda
Explanation: Red pandas inhabit the temperate forests of Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh.
38. What is a major threat to India’s biodiversity?
A) Rainfall
B) Deforestation
C) Soil fertility
D) Temperature
Correct Answer: B) Deforestation
Explanation: Deforestation destroys habitats, endangering 1,300 plant and many animal species.
39. Which plant treats asthma and ulcers?
A) Kachnar
B) Jamun
C) Neem
D) Tulsi
Correct Answer: A) Kachnar
Explanation: Kachnar is used in Ayurveda for asthma, ulcers, and digestive issues.
40. Which national park is famous for tigers?
A) Jim Corbett
B) Gir Forest
C) Sundarbans
D) Kaziranga
Correct Answer: A) Jim Corbett
Explanation: Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand is renowned for its Royal Bengal Tiger population.
41. Which forest type regulates water flow?
A) Thorn Forests
B) Montane Forests
C) Evergreen Forests
D) Mangrove Forests
Correct Answer: B) Montane Forests
Explanation: Montane forests in the Himalayas regulate water flow, feeding rivers.
42. How many medicinal plants are threatened in India?
A) 100
B) 352
C) 500
D) 700
Correct Answer: B) 352
Explanation: The World Conservation Union lists 352 medicinal plants in India as threatened.
43. Which animal controls herbivore populations?
A) Flamingo
B) Royal Bengal Tiger
C) Peacock
D) Sparrow
Correct Answer: B) Royal Bengal Tiger
Explanation: Predators like tigers maintain ecological balance by controlling herbivore populations.
44. Which plant is used for earaches?
A) Arjun
B) Neem
C) Tulsi
D) Jamun
Correct Answer: A) Arjun
Explanation: Arjun is used in traditional medicine for earaches and blood pressure regulation.
45. Which forest type is found in Gujarat?
A) Evergreen Forests
B) Thorn Forests
C) Mangrove Forests
D) Montane Forests
Correct Answer: B) Thorn Forests
Explanation: Thorn forests are prevalent in arid regions like Gujarat, adapted to low rainfall.
46. Which animal is vulnerable in the Himalayas?
A) Flamingo
B) Snow Leopard
C) Asiatic Lion
D) One-horned Rhinoceros
Correct Answer: B) Snow Leopard
Explanation: Snow leopards are vulnerable due to habitat loss and climate change in the Himalayas.
47. How many flowering plant species are in India?
A) 5,000
B) 15,000
C) 25,000
D) 35,000
Correct Answer: B) 15,000
Explanation: India has around 15,000 flowering plant species, contributing to its biodiversity.
48. Which project protects the Great Indian Bustard?
A) Project Tiger
B) Project Rhino
C) Project Bustard
D) Project Elephant
Correct Answer: C) Project Bustard
Explanation: Project Great Indian Bustard aims to conserve this critically endangered bird.
49. Which forest type is multilayered?
A) Thorn Forests
B) Evergreen Forests
C) Deciduous Forests
D) Montane Forests
Correct Answer: B) Evergreen Forests
Explanation: Evergreen forests have a dense, multilayered structure due to high rainfall and biodiversity.
50. Which animal aids in pollination?
A) Royal Bengal Tiger
B) Flamingo
C) Butterfly
D) One-horned Rhinoceros
Correct Answer: C) Butterfly
Explanation: Butterflies, along with bees, play a key role in pollinating crops and forests, supporting ecosystems.
Conclusion
These 50 MCQs on natural vegetation and wildlife of India offer a deep dive into the country’s ecological diversity and conservation efforts. Test your knowledge, learn new facts, and join the movement to protect India’s biodiversity. Explore more educational resources at The Govt Guide.
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