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Human Digestive System – MCQs with Answers and Explanations
Practice 25+ MCQs on Human Digestive System with detailed explanations. Boost your biology preparation with our interactive questions...
Welcome to The Govt Guide! Practice important multiple-choice questions on the Human Digestive System. These are perfect for NEET, NCERT Class 10, and general biology quizzes. Each question comes with a detailed explanation.
Introduction
The human digestive system plays a crucial role in our overall health, breaking down the food we eat into essential nutrients that fuel our bodies. Understanding how this complex system works not only aids in appreciating its importance but also helps us make better lifestyle choices. From the moment food enters our mouth to when it is absorbed and processed by our body, each step of digestion is a fascinating and intricate process.
In this blog post, we explore multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on the human digestive system, designed to test your knowledge while enhancing your understanding. Whether you are a student preparing for exams or just curious about the way our body works, these MCQs, accompanied by detailed explanations, will help reinforce key concepts and clarify any doubts. So, let's dive into the digestive journey and explore the system that keeps us nourished and healthy!
MCQs on Human Digestive System
1. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for water absorption?
The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food and is thus crucial in forming solid feces.
2. What is the function of bile juice in digestion?
Bile juice emulsifies fats, breaking them into smaller droplets. This increases the surface area for enzymes like lipase to act upon them efficiently.
3. Where does the complete digestion of carbohydrates occur?
While digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth, complete digestion occurs in the small intestine with the help of enzymes like maltase, sucrase, and lactase.
4. Which enzyme breaks down starch into sugar in the mouth?
Salivary amylase, also known as ptyalin, begins the breakdown of starch into simpler sugars in the mouth.
5. Which organ secretes hydrochloric acid?
The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid (HCl) which creates an acidic environment for pepsin to act on proteins.
6. Which of the following helps in the digestion of proteins?
Pepsin is the main enzyme in the stomach that digests proteins by breaking them into peptides.
7. What is the role of villi in the small intestine?
Villi increase the surface area for absorption of digested food into the bloodstream in the small intestine.
8. Where is bile stored?
Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder until it is needed for fat digestion.
9. Which of these is not a digestive enzyme?
Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar, not a digestive enzyme.
10. Where does protein digestion begin?
Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the help of pepsin.
11. What is the main function of the pancreas in digestion?
The pancreas produces digestive enzymes like trypsin, lipase, and amylase which are released into the small intestine.
12. What is the pH of gastric juice in the stomach?
Gastric juice is highly acidic with a pH around 2 to aid in digestion and kill bacteria.
13. Which part of the digestive tract does not secrete digestive enzymes?
The large intestine does not secrete digestive enzymes. It mainly absorbs water and electrolytes.
14. Which component of food starts digestion in the mouth?
Carbohydrates start to digest in the mouth with the help of salivary amylase.
15. Which enzyme digests fats in the small intestine?
Lipase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
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16. What type of digestion takes place in the mouth?
Both mechanical digestion (by chewing) and chemical digestion (by saliva) occur in the mouth.
17. Which organ produces digestive enzymes and insulin?
The pancreas has both exocrine (enzymes) and endocrine (insulin) functions, aiding digestion and blood sugar regulation.
18. The digestion of fat is assisted by:
Bile emulsifies fat and lipase breaks it down into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine.
19. What is chyme?
Chyme is the semi-liquid mass of partly digested food formed in the stomach and moved into the small intestine.
20. Which of the following does not occur in the small intestine?
Protein synthesis is a cellular function and does not occur in the digestive tract. The small intestine is responsible for digestion and absorption.
21. Which of the following is NOT a function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
HCl does not neutralize acid but rather maintains an acidic pH. It kills microbes and activates pepsinogen into pepsin.
22. The finger-like projections in the small intestine are called:
Villi are finger-like projections that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption in the small intestine.
23. What is the main function of the large intestine?
The large intestine mainly absorbs water and electrolytes from undigested food material.
24. Which of the following is absorbed in the stomach?
Although the stomach digests proteins, very few substances like alcohol and some drugs are absorbed through the stomach lining.
25. Which digestive juice contains no enzymes?
Bile juice has no enzymes. It contains bile salts that help in emulsifying fats.
26. Which part of the alimentary canal absorbs water from undigested food?
The large intestine absorbs water and salts from the remaining undigested food before forming feces.
27. Which of the following organs does not produce any digestive enzyme?
The liver produces bile, not enzymes. Bile helps in the emulsification of fats but contains no digestive enzymes.
28. In which organ does most chemical digestion occur?
Most chemical digestion occurs in the small intestine with the help of bile, pancreatic juice, and intestinal enzymes.
29. Which structure prevents food from entering the windpipe?
The epiglottis is a flap-like structure that closes over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the windpipe.
30. What is the rhythmic contraction of muscles that pushes food through the digestive tract?
Peristalsis is the wave-like contraction of smooth muscles that moves food along the digestive tract.
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| MCQ Number | Question | Correct Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which part of the digestive system is responsible for water absorption? | Large intestine |
| 2 | What is the function of bile juice in digestion? | Emulsifies fats |
| 3 | Where does the complete digestion of carbohydrates occur? | Small intestine |
| 4 | Which enzyme breaks down starch into sugar in the mouth? | Amylase |
| 5 | Which organ secretes hydrochloric acid? | Stomach |
| 6 | Which of the following helps in the digestion of proteins? | Pepsin |
| 7 | What is the role of villi in the small intestine? | Absorb nutrients |
| 8 | Where is bile stored? | Gallbladder |
| 9 | Which of these is not a digestive enzyme? | Insulin |
| 10 | Where does protein digestion begin? | Stomach |
| 11 | What is the main function of the pancreas in digestion? | Produces digestive enzymes |
| 12 | What is the pH of gastric juice in the stomach? | 2 |
| 13 | Which part of the digestive tract does not secrete digestive enzymes? | Large intestine |
| 14 | Which component of food starts digestion in the mouth? | Carbohydrates |
| 15 | Which enzyme digests fats in the small intestine? | Lipase |
| 16 | What type of digestion takes place in the mouth? | Both mechanical and chemical |
| 17 | Which organ produces digestive enzymes and insulin? | Pancreas |
| 18 | The digestion of fat is assisted by: | Lipase and bile |
| 19 | What is chyme? | Semi-liquid food in stomach |
| 20 | Which of the following does not occur in the small intestine? | Water reabsorption |
| 21 | Which of the following is NOT a function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach? | Neutralizes acidic food |
| 22 | The finger-like projections in the small intestine are called: | Villi |
| 23 | What is the main function of the large intestine? | Absorb water |
| 24 | Which of the following is absorbed in the stomach? | Alcohol |
| 25 | Which digestive juice contains no enzymes? | Bile juice |
| 26 | Which part of the alimentary canal absorbs water from undigested food? | Large intestine |
| 27 | Which organ does not produce any digestive enzyme? | Liver |
| 28 | In which organ does most chemical digestion occur? | Small intestine |
| 29 | Which structure prevents food from entering the windpipe? | Epiglottis |
| 30 | What is the rhythmic contraction of muscles that pushes food through the digestive tract? | Peristalsis |
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Conclusion
Understanding the human digestive system is vital for mastering biology and excelling in exams. These MCQs will not only test your knowledge but also provide quick learning through explanations.
Best Wishes!
"The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."
— Lao Tzu
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